2.2. (a) The sample space is S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}. (b) The probability of rolling a 1 is P({1}) = 1/6, and the probability of rolling an even number is P({2, 4, 6}) = 1/2.

5.1. (a) The normal distribution is a continuous distribution that is symmetric about the mean and has a bell-shaped curve. (b) The standard normal distribution is a normal distribution with mean 0 and variance 1.

4.1. (a) A Bernoulli trial is a single experiment with two possible outcomes, success or failure. (b) The binomial distribution is a discrete distribution that models the number of successes in a fixed number of independent Bernoulli trials.

7.2. (a) The null hypothesis is H0: μ = 20, and the alternative hypothesis is H1: μ ≠ 20. (b) The test statistic is t = (25 - 20) / (5 / √n) = 2.236.

6.1. (a) A confidence interval is a range of values within which a population parameter is likely to lie. (b) A 95% confidence interval for the mean is a range of values within which the population mean is likely to lie with probability 0.95.

7.1. (a) A hypothesis test is a statistical test that is used to determine whether a null hypothesis is true or false. (b) A Type I error is the error of rejecting a true null hypothesis.